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| Primary proton spectrum around the knee observed by the Tibet air-shower experiment | |
| Amenomori, M.; Ayabe, S.; Chen, D; Cui, S. W.; Danzengluobu,; Ding, L. K.; Ding, X. H.; Feng, C. F.; Feng, Z. Y.; Gao, X. Y.; Geng, Q. X.; Guo, H. W.; He, H. H.; He, M.; Hibino, K.; Hotta, N.; Hu, H. B.; Huang, J.; Huang, Q.; Izumi, M; Jia, H. Y.; Kajino, F.; Kasahara, K.; Katayose, Y.; Kato, C.; Kawata, K.; Labaciren,; Le, G. M.; Li, J.Y.; Lu, H.; Lu, S. L.; Meng, X. R.; Mizutani, K.; Mu, J.; Munakata, K.; Nagai, A.; Nanjo, H.; Nishizawa, M.; Ohnishi, M.; Ohta, I.; Onuma, H.; Ouchi, T.; Ozawa, S.; Ren, J. R.; Saito, T.; Saito, T. Y.; Sakata, M.; Sasaki, T.; Shibata, M.; Shiomi, A.; Shirai, T.; Sugimoto, H.; Takita, M.; Tan, Y. H.; Tateyama, N.; Torii, S.; Tsuchlya, H.; Udo, S.; Wang, H.; Wang, X.; Wang, Y. G.; Wu, H. R.; Xue, L.; Yamamoto, Y.; Yan, C. T.; Yang, X. C.; Yasue, S.; Ye, Z. H.; Yu, G. C.; Yuan, A. F.; Yuda, T.; Zhang, H. M.; Zhang, J. L.; Zhang, N. J.; Zhang, X. Y.; Zhang, Y.; Zhaxisangzhu,; Zhou, X. X.; Tibet, ASy Collaboration; 北京8701信箱 | |
| Department | 其他 |
| Source Publication | Astrophysics
 |
| 2006 | |
| Volume | 37Issue:10Pages:1938-1943 |
| ISSN | 0273-1177 |
| Language | 英语 |
| Keyword | Cosmic Rays Gamma-family Neural Network Proton Knee Region Electromagnetic Cascade Showers Cosmic-ray Composition Energy-range Hybrid-experiment Region Helium Nuclei Lead |
| Abstract | Simultaneous observation of gamma-families and their accompanying air showers was performed at Yangbajing (4300 m above sea level) in Tibet with the emulsion chambers and burst detectors which were linked with the Tibet-II air-shower array. For three years operation, we observed 177 gamma-families (Sigma E-gamma > 20 TeV) accompanying air showers with the size N-e > 2 x 10(5). Using this data and the simulation code CORSIKA, we obtained the primary proton spectrum in the energy range of 10(15)-10(16) eV. The slope of the observed spectrum is steeper than that extrapolated smoothly from the lower energy region below 10(14) eV, irrespective of the interaction models assumed in the simulation. The uncertainty of the absolute flux of protons due to the interaction model dependence involved in the simulation codes is at most 30%, which is much weaker than results of other air-shower experiments. Our experiment shows low intensity of light components (proton and helium) independent of the interaction models suggesting that the main component responsible for making the knee structure of the all-particle spectrum is composed of nuclei heavier than helium. This is the first measurement of the differential energy spectra of primary protons by selecting them event by event at the knee energy region. |
| Indexed By | SCI |
| Document Type | 期刊论文 |
| Identifier | http://ir.nssc.ac.cn/handle/122/1710 |
| Collection | 其他部室 |
| Corresponding Author | 北京8701信箱 |
| Recommended Citation GB/T 7714 | Amenomori, M.,Ayabe, S.,Chen, D,et al. Primary proton spectrum around the knee observed by the Tibet air-shower experiment[J]. Astrophysics,2006,37(10):1938-1943. |
| APA | Amenomori, M..,Ayabe, S..,Chen, D.,Cui, S. W..,Danzengluobu,.,...&北京8701信箱.(2006).Primary proton spectrum around the knee observed by the Tibet air-shower experiment.Astrophysics,37(10),1938-1943. |
| MLA | Amenomori, M.,et al."Primary proton spectrum around the knee observed by the Tibet air-shower experiment".Astrophysics 37.10(2006):1938-1943. |
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